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UNDERSTANDING TEMPERATURE LESSON NOTE AND PLAN FOR BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Monday 
Understand the meaning of Temperature

Read temperature on thermometer
Resources 
Learn Mathematics
Book 5, page 308
Cup, water, containers, flashcards



Introduction to Temperature

The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or object is called its Temperature.

To measure temperature we use the thermometer.

There are two main units to measure temperature.
i. the degree Celsius (C)
ii. the degree Fahrenheit (f)

Read temperature on thermometer
To read the temperature, look at the number or mark beside the top of the shaded column.
Note:
When the temperature falls below zero degree Celsius, we use negative number and that means it is getting colder. If the temperature rises and the Celsius is increasing in number from zero, then it is getting warmer. 

STARTER 
Begin the lesson by showing them a video on temperature.
Pupils should be able to understand temperature and its meaning.

seat work: Learn mathematics 5, page  308, exercise 1 (1 - 5)

Learn 
mathematics Book 4, page  308 , exercise (5 – 10)



Tuesday
Measure Temperature of substances such as hot water and cold water

Resources 
Learn Mathematics
Book 5, page 309 - 312
 Cup, water, containers, flashcards

Finding temperature of the water 

Get three containers, label the three X,Y and Z
i. pour some cold water from the refrigerator in cup X
ii. pour water from the tap in bowl Y
iii. pour some hot water in bowl Z
iv. note the temperature of each water in terms of hotness, coldness and medium.
v. record your results

STARTER 
Start the lesson by asking them questions on which is colder an ice block or cold water? And also a beans stew and hot water which is hotter?

Pupils should be able to:
Guess the temperature of substances whether hot or cold. 

Resources 
Learn mathematics Book 4, page  308 , exercise (11 - 15)


Wednesday
Changing units of temperature. That is Celsius to Fahrenheit and vice-versa

Resources 
Learn Mathematics
Book 5, page 313
Cup, water, containers, flashcards

 Changing units of temperature

There are 100 divisions on the Celsius scale and (212 – 32) = 180 divisions on the Fahrenheit
 
The boiling point of water is 100 C or 32F.
This shows that 100C corresponds to 18 divisions. Therefore the ratio of the division in Celsius scale to Fahrenheit is 100 to 180

This is written as:
100:180 or 100/180 reducing to lowest term, we have 5:9 or 5/9

This shows that 1C is 9/5 of F and 1F is 5/9C. it also means that one division of the Celsius scale corresponds to 9/5 division of the Fahrenheit scale; one division of the Fahrenheit scale is 5/9 of the Celsius scale. From this, a formula is obtained for changing from Celsius to Fahrenheit scale as follows.

Example
1. change 20C to F
Solution
Using the formula
F = 9/5 C + 32
F = 9/5 x 20 + 32
F = 36 + 32
F = 68
Therefore, 20C is 68F

STARTER 
Start the lesson by asking them questions on which is colder an ice – block or cold water? And also a beans stew and hot water which is hotter?

Pupils should be able to 
Change or convert units of temperature.

EXERCISE 
Learn mathematics Book 4, page  315 , exercise (1 - 5)


Thursday 
Changing units of temperature. 

Resources 
Learn Mathematics
Book 5, page 314
Cup, water, containers, flashcards

Changing units of temperature. 

To change from Celsius to Fahrenheit we use the formula:
F = 9/5 C + 32

To change from Fahrenheit to Celsius we use the formula:
C = 5/9 (F – 32)

Examples
1. Change 86F to C
Solution
Using the formula
C = 5/9 (C – 32)
C = 5/9 (86 - 32)
C = 5/9 x 54 = 30
 = 30C 
Therefore 86F is 30C

STARTER 
Begin the lesson by doing the first example for them.
Pupils should be able to 
Calculate and convert C to F and vice versa

Learn 
mathematics Book 4, page  308 , exercise (11 - 15)

Learn 
mathematics Book 4, page  308 , exercise (16 - 20)

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